Making sense of new lines of mapping in a Web 2.0 age     

Wen Lin 《Transactions in GIS》2019,23(1):165-168

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Growth and feeding habits of invasive Pseudorasbora parva in the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa,China) and its trophic impacts on native fish     

DING Huiping  GU Xiaohong  ZHANG Zhiming  HUO Bin  LI Dapeng  XIE Congxin 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2019,(2)

In recent years, fish invasion has become one of the main reasons for the decline of nativefish stocks. Pseudorasbora parva is considered one of the major invasive species worldwide. The present study investigated the fish resources of the Chabalang Wetland(Lhasa, Tibet) during dif ferent seasons in2009 and 2013. Four hundred and twelve individuals were subsampled to estimate age, growth, and feeding habit of P. parva. Furthermore, food relationships between P. parva and the native Schizothoracinae fish were also examined. The results revealed a significant shift in species composition and community structure characterized by the disappearance of native fish and outbreak of non-native fish. The percentage of nonnative P. parva in the fish collections significantly increased from 33.64% in 2009 to 64.08% in 2013.The standard length(SL) ranged from 22.00 to 78.71 mm, and their age was 1–5 a. The von Bertalanf fy function was used to model the observed length-at-age data as Lt =112.19(1– e~(-0.1495(t +0.8012))) for females and as Lt =123.12(1– e~(-0.1500(t +0.7132))) for males. The results indicated that P. parva in Tibet has lower growth and mortality rates compared with that from the native ranges. Ninety-seven prey taxa belonging to 9 prey categories were identified in the gut of 38 P. parva. P. parva can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator, competing with the native fish, especially Schizothorax o'connori, Schizopygopsis younghusbandi younghusbandi, and Ptychobarbus dipogon, for Bacillariophyta and Chironomid larvae.This is an important reason for the decline in native fish population.  相似文献   

塔克拉玛干荒漠-绿洲过渡带尘卷风活动特征——以肖塘为例     

马明杰  杨兴华  何清  买买提艾力&#  买买提依明  周成龙  霍文 《中国沙漠》2019,39(2):115-121

利用1992-2011年塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠-绿洲过渡带肖塘气象站的观测资料，分析了该地区尘卷风的年、月变化规律及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明：（1）1992-2011年尘卷风发生日数总体呈波动递减趋势；尘卷风主要发生在3-9月，占全年总日数的90.9%，其中4-7月占全年总日数的70%左右。（2）尘卷风月发生日数随月平均地表与1.5 m高处温差的增大而线性增加（r=0.875，P<0.01）。（3）尘卷风月发生日数随着月平均风速的增大而幂函数增加（r=0.89，P<0.01）。（4）尘卷风月发生日数随月平均相对湿度的增大而线性减少（r=-0.869，P<0.01）。  相似文献   

Using chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and tritium (3H) to estimate groundwater age and flow velocity in Hohhot Basin,China          下载免费PDF全文

Jun Liu  Zongyu Chen  Wen Wei  Yilong Zhang  Zhenghong Li  Fuliang Liu  Hualiang Guo 《水文研究》2014,28(3):1372-1382

The concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC‐11, CFC‐12 and CFC‐113) and tritium (³H) content in groundwater were used to date groundwater age, delineate groundwater flow systems and estimate flow velocity in the Hohhot basin. The estimated young groundwater age is fallen in the bracket of 21 ~ 50 a and indicates the presence of two different age profiles and flow systems in the shallow groundwater system. Older age waters occur under the topographically low areas, where the aquifer is double‐layer aquifer system consisting of shallow unconfined‐semi‐confined aquifer and deep confined aquifer. This reflects long flow paths associated with regional flow. Groundwater (range from 21 to 34 years) in the north piedmont and east hilly areas, where the aquifer is a single‐layer aquifer consisting of alluvial fans, are typically younger than those in the low areas. The combination of CFCs dating with hydrogeological information indicates that both local and regional flow systems are present at the basin. The regional groundwater flow mainly flows from the north and east to the southwest, the local groundwater flow system occurs nearby the Hohhot city. The mean regional groundwater flow velocity of the shallow groundwater is estimated about 0.73 km/a. These findings can aid in refining hydrogeological conceptual model of the study area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Simulation of Quiet-Sun Hard X-Rays Related to Solar Wind Superhalo Electrons     

Wen Wang  Linghua Wang  Säm Krucker  Iain Hannah 《Solar physics》2016,291(5):1357-1367

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安徽巢湖凤凰山晚古生代大冰期沉积特征与碳同位素变化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨文莉  仲钰天  辛浩  郑全锋  祁玉平  王玥  陈吉涛 《地层学杂志》2021,45(1):38-48

地史中海相碳酸盐岩记录的无机碳同位素的波动经常与全球气候事件相互关联,但碳酸盐岩的碳同位素不仅与全球碳循环相关,也受控于区域水循环和成岩作用.晚古生代大冰期在石炭纪末—早二叠世达到最高峰,南方冈瓦纳大陆高纬度地区冰川的进退引起低纬度地区旋回性的海平面变化,并发育显著的沉积间断,在华南表现为喀斯特岩溶角砾岩等.本文选取安徽巢湖凤凰山剖面,对宾夕法尼亚亚系—乌拉尔统18 m厚的碳酸盐岩地层(黄龙组和船山组)进行了详细的沉积学与碳同位素对比研究,以探索碳同位素变化的控制因素.本文共识别出厚层灰泥灰岩、厚层粒泥灰岩、中至厚层泥粒灰岩、厚层泥球颗粒灰岩、薄层鲕粒颗粒灰岩、厚至巨厚层生物碎屑颗粒灰岩、厚层核形石颗粒灰岩、薄至中层灰砾岩和炉渣状灰岩等9种沉积岩相,指示了多次暴露的碳酸盐台地环境.这些暴露特征与同时期贵州罗甸斜坡相碳酸盐岩序列(约194m)对比,表明凤凰山剖面存在严重的地层缺失.揭示了研究层段11m和14 m附近的碳同位素两次显著负漂(幅度约为6‰和7‰)与古喀斯特层对应,是由碳酸盐台地暴露引起的区域成岩改造导致的,而非源于引起气候变化的全球碳循环波动.因此,地层学、沉积学和地球化学等多学科综合交叉研究是深入揭示古气候和古海洋变化规律的重要前提.  相似文献   

渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷南部深层沙一段优质碎屑岩储层特征及成因机制     

赵晓东  时阳  文雯  李亮  张博明  陈刚强 《地质论评》2021,67(3):67040015-67040015

利用岩芯、薄片、扫描电镜和分析化验等资料,对南堡凹陷南部深层古近系沙一段（沙河街组一段）优质碎屑岩储层特征进行了分析并揭示其成因机制。研究表明：①南堡凹陷南部沙一段优质碎屑岩储层属于低孔中渗储层,发育原生孔隙、次生孔隙和微裂缝;②沙一段沉积期处于强水动力沉积环境,辫状河三角洲前缘水下分流河道砂体普遍发育,岩性主要为中粗砂岩、含砾砂岩和砂砾岩等粗岩性,岩石类型主要为岩屑长石砂岩,石英、岩浆岩岩屑等刚性组分含量高,储层在强压实作用下仍保留了局部原生残余粒间孔,部分刚性组分强压条件下形成微裂缝;③沙一段与东三段为区域不整合接触,大气水的酸性流体在成岩初期以及烃源岩成熟之后产生的有机酸在成岩后期通过油源断裂和不整合面进入储层,造成长石、易溶碎屑等组分溶蚀形成次生孔隙,溶蚀作用不仅增加孔隙空间,而且扩大喉道宽度。结论认为：粗岩性和高刚性颗粒含量为原生孔隙的保存提供了物质基础;油源断层、不整合面为酸性流体的进入提供路径,促进了次生孔隙发育。  相似文献   

双碳背景下我国煤炭资源勘查开发布局研究     

霍超  刘天绩  樊斌  赵岳  王丹凤  张吉路  郑翠 《地质论评》2021,67(6):67120005-67120005

随着双碳背景下国家能源结构调整和生态文明建设的要求,本文从保障国家主体能源安全和优化煤炭资源勘查开发布局的角度考虑,阐述了中国煤炭资源分布特点及勘查开发现状;从坚持集约与协调发展、改革与创新发展、绿色与清洁发展的基本原则出发,分析了新时期煤炭资源勘查目标：加强大型煤炭基地资源勘查、推进新增煤层气资源储量、加快煤系矿产资源勘查;从资源禀赋、开发强度、市场区位、环境容量、输送通道等方面出发,阐述了14个大型煤炭基地开发布局方向及建设规模,同时要加快煤层气的开发利用。研究成果对未来一段时期煤炭资源勘查开发及煤炭工业高质量发展具有重要的指导意义。  相似文献   

Direct Tensile Tests of Red Sandstone Under Different Loading Rates with the Self-developed Centering Device     

Zhang  Yue  Zhang  Qiang-Yong  Zhou  Xin-Yu  Xiang  Wen 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(2):709-718

To study the tensile strength of rock under different loading rates, direct tensile test is the most accurate method. However, the eccentric tension in the process of rock direct tensile test has a significant influence on the test results. In this paper, firstly, a self-developed centering device for rock direct tensile test is introduced, which can effectively eliminate the eccentric tension in the process of rock direct tensile test. Then, with the aid of the self-developed centering device, the direct tensile tests of red sandstone under the loading rates of 0.001 mm/s, 0.01 mm/s and 0.1 mm/s are successfully carried out. After tests, both the macro failure characteristics and the scanning electron microscope micrograph show that the fracture pattern of the rock is caused by pure tensile loading. The stress-strain curves of the direct tensile test of the red sandstone show that the process of the direct tensile test can be roughly divided into four stages. With the increase of loading rate, both of the tensile strength and the peak tensile strain of the rock increase obviously. The direct tensile test of the red sandstone shows obvious loading rate effect.

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哀牢山中段镇沅金矿晚二叠世花岗斑岩U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及其构造意义     

张垚垚  张达  陈宣华  莫宣学  赵泽南  霍海龙 《岩石学报》2021,37(6):1674-1690

云南镇沅地区位于哀牢山构造带中段,是古特提斯哀牢山洋关闭及碰撞造山的关键部位。本文对该地区出露的花岗斑岩进行了年代学、岩石地球化学与同位素地球化学研究。锆石U-Pb年代学给出加权平均年龄为253.3±2.0Ma,表明花岗斑岩形成于晚二叠世。3个花岗斑岩脉共5个样品分析结果表明,其SiO_2含量65.30%～70.79%,全碱含量(K_2O+Na_2O)3.53%～4.39%,Al_2O_3含量13.42%～16.40%,为高钾钙碱性亚碱性系列岩石,成分上与花岗闪长岩类似,为S型花岗岩。稀土元素含量较低,轻重稀土分异程度较高,稀土配分曲线为右倾,无明显Ce异常,具弱负Eu异常,微量元素配分曲线为右倾,大离子亲石元素相对富集,高场强元素相对亏损,与典型地壳相一致。锆石Hf同位素ε_(Hf)(t)为-1.0～4.1,显示岩浆源区为亏损地幔和古老地壳物质部分熔融。岩石大地构造环境分析表明,该花岗斑岩形成于晚二叠世同碰撞构造环境。  相似文献